S&E fields only. From FY 2003 through FY 2009, some institution totals for all R&D expenditures may... S&E R&D expenditures item prior to FY 2010.... National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities; National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education Research and Development Survey. Science and Engineering Indicators

One concern about the ability to produce and retain S&E talent in the United States is that many students who start undergraduate programs in these fields do not complete them (President’s Council... S&E fields and at students switching into and out of S&E

Hispanics, and American Indians or Alaska Natives—are underrepresented in S&E. However, their total numbers in S&E occupations have increased. Foreign-born individuals account for a considerable... Workers employing S&E and technological expertise in their occupations experience better labor

S&E first university degrees, and China awards the most S&E doctorates, followed closely... S&E first university... United States. India and China have increased S&E degree production more

Table 39 ). A greater percentage of doctorate recipients in non-S&E fields (46%) reported graduate debt than those in S&E fields (26%) (NCSES SED 2020 : Table 38 and Table 39 ). Levels of debt also vary among S&E fields. For instance, a larger proportion of doctorate recipients in psychology