Scientists and engineers include those with one or more S&E or S&E-related degrees at the bachelor's level or higher or those who have only a non-S&E degree at the bachelor's level or higher and are employed in an S&E or S&E-related occupation. For data on unemployment rates by occupation

Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey employment data do not cover employment in some sectors of the agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting industry; in private households; or among self-employed individuals. As a result, the data do not represent total U.S. employment.

Scientists and engineers include those with one or more S&E or S&E-related degrees at the bachelor's level or higher or those who have only a non-S&E degree at the bachelor's level or higher and are employed in an S&E or S&E-related occupation.

Articles are fractionally counted and classified by publication year and assigned to a region, country, or economy by author's institutional address(es). Percentages shown represent share of global S&E articles. Article counts are from a selection of journals in S&E from Scopus. Articles are

S&E fields), 38 occupational categories (out of 39 categories), 6 employment

NAICS 1152). As a result, the data do not represent total