Scientists and engineers include those with one or more S&E or S&E-related degrees at the bachelor's level or higher or those who have only a non-S&E degree at the bachelor's level or higher and are employed in an S&E or S&E-related occupation. For data on unemployment rates by occupation

Americans do not universally report comprehension of important aspects... Americans report not knowing a lot about science and generally do not report

For students who do not transition into postsecondary education immediately after high school, STW jobs offer higher pay and more opportunities than other types of positions (Carnevale et al. 2018; Rothwell 2015). STW jobs are those that require skills in STEM fields but do not require a bachelor’s

do not represent a deep or comprehensive measurement of scientific knowledge. These questions might... do so in the future (Kahan 2017). To address these types

S&E = science and engineering; STEM = science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. a Includes 4-year colleges or universities, medical schools (including university-affiliated hospitals or medical centers), and university-affiliated research institutes; 2-year colleges, community colleges... Non-S&E occupations includes doctorate holders working in both non-STEM and STEM middle-skill occupations because the Survey of Doctorate Recipients (SDR) does not produce data on STEM middle-skill occupations. Percentages may not sum to 100% because of rounding. Numbers are rounded to the nearest

United States) do not use the GUF mechanism to fund R&D for general advancement of knowledge or do not separately account for GUF (e.g., South Korea); more typically, these countries

United States) do not use the GUF mechanism to fund R&D for general advancement of knowledge or do not separately account for GUF (like South Korea

do not yet extensively understand climate... Funk 2021). The belief that climate scientists do not extensively understand climate change

zations do participate on social media platforms and share study... Lupia 2013). Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, data indicated that most Americans do look for S&T

Scientists and engineers include adults up to 75 years old with an S&E or S&E-related degree or occupation. R&D and design activity refer to workers reporting basic research, applied research... Non-S&E occupations include middle-skill and non-STEM occupations.