do not yet extensively understand climate... Funk 2021). The belief that climate scientists do not extensively understand climate change

Responses are to the following: Do you think that modifying the genes of certain crops is... [1 Extremely dangerous for environment], [2 Very dangerous], [3 Somewhat dangerous], [4 Not very dangerous], [5 Not dangerous at all for environment], [6 Can't choose]. Percentages may not add to 100... Categories do not add to total n because "don't know" responses and refusals to respond are not shown. b For science and mathematics education, "low" equates to five or fewer high school and college science or mathematics courses, "middle" is six through eight courses, and "high" means nine

United States) do not use the GUF mechanism to fund R&D for general advancement of knowledge or do not separately account for GUF (like South Korea

Scientists and engineers include those with one or more S&E or S&E-related degrees at the bachelor's level or higher or those who have only a non-S&E degree at the bachelor's level or higher and are employed in an S&E or S&E-related occupation. Hispanic or Latino may be any race; race categories

United States) do not use the GUF mechanism to fund R&D for general advancement of knowledge or do not separately account for GUF (e.g., South Korea); more typically, these countries

do not represent a deep or comprehensive measurement of scientific knowledge. These questions might... do so in the future (Kahan 2017). To address these types

For students who do not transition into postsecondary education immediately after high school, STW jobs offer higher pay and more opportunities than other types of positions (Carnevale et al. 2018; Rothwell 2015). STW jobs are those that require skills in STEM fields but do not require a bachelor’s

Americans do not universally report comprehension of important aspects... Americans report not knowing a lot about science and generally do not report

Responses are to the following: In general, do you think that pollution of America's rivers, lakes, and streams is…[1 Extremely dangerous], [2 Very dangerous], [3 Somewhat dangerous], [4 Not very dangerous], [5 Not dangerous], [8 Don't know]. Percentages may not add to 100% because of rounding.... Categories do not add to total n because "don't know" responses and refusals to respond are not shown. b For science and mathematics education, "low" equates to five or fewer high school and college science or mathematics courses, "middle" is six through eight courses, and "high" means nine

Responses are to the following: In general, do you think that pesticides and chemicals used in farming are …[1 Extremely dangerous], [2 Very dangerous], [3 Somewhat dangerous], [4 Not very dangerous], [5 Not dangerous], [8 Don't know]. Percentages may not add to 100% because of rounding.... Categories do not add to total n because "don't know" responses and refusals to respond are not shown. b For science and mathematics education, "low" equates to five or fewer high school and college science or mathematics courses, "middle" is six through eight courses, and "high" means nine

Scientists and engineers include adults up to 75 years old with an S&E or S&E-related degree or occupation. R&D and design activity refer to workers reporting basic research, applied research... Non-S&E occupations include middle-skill and non-STEM occupations.