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Key to Acronyms and Abbreviations
S&E: science and engineering S&T: science and technology SESTAT: Scientists and Engineers
January 15, 2020
Citation
National Science Board, National Science Foundation. 2019. Science and Engineering Indicators 2020: Science and Engineering Labor Force. Science and Engineering Indicators 2020 . NSB-2019-8. Alexandria, VA. Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20198/ .
September 26, 2019
Citation
National Science Board, National Science Foundation. 2019. Higher Education in Science and Engineering. Science and Engineering Indicators 2020 . NSB-2019-7. Alexandria, VA. Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20197/ .
September 04, 2019
Citation
National Science Board, National Science Foundation. 2022. Higher Education in Science and Engineering. Science and Engineering Indicators 2022. NSB-2022-3. Alexandria, VA. Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20223/.
February 22, 2022
Citation
National Science Board, National Science Foundation. 2023. Higher Education in Science and Engineering. Science and Engineering Indicators 2024 . NSB-2023-32. Alexandria, VA. Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb202332/ .
November 16, 2023
International Research Collaboration
S&E scholarly articles in 2018 were highly collaborative (Figure 23): the UK... S&E articles.
January 15, 2020
Cover Image Credit
The cover for Science and Engineering 2022: The State of U.S. Science and Engineering shows molecules leaving the solvation shell and integrating into the crystal surface. Using computer-based simulations to analyze how atoms and molecules move in a solution, researchers at the University
January 18, 2022
Global Science and Technology Capabilities
The 28 nations that make up the EU collectively have the highest output of S&E publications globally. China’s S&E publication output ranks next, followed by the United States. The citation impact of China’s publications is rising rapidly, although it is currently lower than
January 15, 2020
Workers, by state, occupational group, and educational attainment: 2023
STEM includes S&E, S&E-related, and STEM middle-skill occupations.
February 12, 2026
Share of S&E publications in the top 1% most-cited articles in social sciences, for the 15 largest publication-producing regions, countries, or economies: 1996–2016
December 17, 2019
Share of S&E publications in the top 1% most-cited articles in mathematics and statistics, for the 15 largest publication-producing regions, countries, or economies: 1996–2016
December 17, 2019
Share of S&E publications in the top 1% most-cited articles in materials science, for the 15 largest publication-producing regions, countries, or economies: 1996–2016
December 17, 2019
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