The rising emphasis on developing S&E expertise and technical capabilities is a global phenomenon. S&E work is not limited to developed economies; it occurs throughout the world. However, much... S&E work (Davis and Hart 2010). Highly skilled S&E workers have become increasingly mobile

Because there is no single standard for defining the S&E workforce, this report takes a broad approach to measuring the workforce in multiple ways, including by S&E occupation, S&E field of degree, and use of technical expertise on the job. The S&E workforce (also referred to as scientists

Data are based on institutions eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Doctoral degree programs include research doctoral degree programs only and do not include professional doctoral programs (e.g., Doctor of Medicine).

Adjusting S&E degree awards relative to national population levels provides useful context when comparing S&E higher education across nations of varying sizes. S&E degree production intensity indicates the prevalence of S&E higher education among the portion of a country’s population in the age

Data are based on institutions eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Certificates include only awards of less than 2 academic years below the associate's degree level. Doctoral degree programs include research doctoral degree programs only and do not include

S&E first university degree awards from 2011 to 2020. However, in contrast to S&E first university degrees, these countries are not among the top producers of S&E doctoral... India awarded 2.5 million S&E first university degrees in 2020, followed by China (2.0 million

In 2017, underrepresented minority women earned more than half of their racial or ethnic group’s S&E bachelor’s degrees, whereas white and Asian women earned slightly less than half (Table S2-12). Similarly, women earned more than half of the S&E doctorates across all groups except whites, where

S&E skills in their job but do... The science and engineering (S&E) labor force helps to create and advance our scientific... This report details several aspects of the U.S. S&E workforce, including

International students in S&E master’s and doctoral programs show different patterns, and that includes declines due to the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. While international S&E master’s... For the first time in this report, we present data on international students enrolled in S&E