Explore Further
The Indicators 2020 thematic reports provide more detailed analysis and fuller discussion of the related topics presented in The State of U.S. Science and Engineering. Each topic presented in this report and its corresponding Indicators 2020 thematic report or reports are listed below. The State Indicators data tool also provides detailed information on selected S&E indicators for states.
U.S. and Global Education
- “Elementary and Secondary Mathematics and Science Education” by Susan Rotermund (RTI International) and Karen White (National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics [NCSES]). Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20196/.
- “Higher Education in Science and Engineering” by Josh Trapani (NCSES) and Katherine Hale. Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20197/.
- “The Skilled Technical Workforce: Crafting America’s Science and Engineering Enterprise.” Available at https://www.nsf.gov/nsb/publications/2019/nsb201923.pdf.
U.S. S&E Workforce
- “U.S. Science and Engineering Labor Force” by Amy Burke (NCSES). Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20198/.
Global R&D
- “Research and Development: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons” by Mark Boroush (NCSES). Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20203/.
U.S. R&D Performance and Funding
- “Research and Development: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons” by Mark Boroush (NCSES). Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20203/.
- “Academic Research and Development” by Josh Trapani (NCSES) and Michael Gibbons (NCSES). Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20202/.
Global S&T Capabilities
- “Publication Output: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons” by Karen White (NCSES). Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20206/.
- “Production and Trade of Knowledge- and Technology-Intensive Industries” by Derek Hill (NCSES). Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20205/.
Invention, Innovation, and Perceptions of Science
- “Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation” by Carol Robbins (NCSES), Mark Boroush (NCSES) and Derek Hill (NCSES). Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20204/.
- “Science and Technology: Public Attitudes, Knowledge, and Interest” by John Besley (University of Michigan) and Derek Hill (NCSES). Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20207/.