Report

1For additional data on the race and ethnicity of doctorate recipients, see SED 2021 related detailed table 1-11.

2The drop in the number of doctorate recipients in the field of education between 2009 and 2011 is at least partly attributable to the reclassification of Doctor of Education (EdD) programs. For details, see “Time series data changes” in the “Data Source” section.

3 For details about changes in the field of education between 2009 and 2011, see “Time series data changes” in the “Data Source” section.

4For additional data by citizenship status of doctorate recipients, see SED 2021 related detailed table 1-6.

5For additional data on the race and ethnicity of doctorate recipients, see SED 2021 related detailed table 1-8.

6For details on non-S&E fields, see SED 2021 related detailed table 1-11.

7For additional data on the field of education, humanities and arts, and other non-S&E fields, see SED 2021 related detailed table 1-4.

8For a detailed discussion on other aspects of education-related debt, see “Education-Related Debt” in National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES). 2019. Doctorate Recipients from U.S. Universities 2018. NSF 20-301. Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf20301/report.

9For more data on the primary sources of financial support of doctorate recipients by field, see figure 16 in this report and SED 2021 related detailed table 4-1.

10Within non-S&E, education is the field with the longest median time to degree (11.7 years from graduate school entry to doctorate in 2021). For more data, see SED 2021 related detailed table 1-12.

11For details on the growth of the S&E workforce, see National Science Board. 2021. The STEM Labor Force of Today: Scientists, Engineers and Skilled Technical Workers. Science and Engineering Indicators 2022. NSB-2021-2. Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20212.

12For data on doctorate recipients with definite postgraduation employment commitments in academia, see SED 2021 related detailed table 2-7.

13For data on definite postgraduation employment commitments in the United States in non-S&E fields, see SED 2021 related detailed table 2-6.

14Industry includes all nonacademic sectors, including self-employment, private for-profit and private nonprofit, and government.

15For data on temporary visa holder doctorate recipients with definite postgraduation commitments by field, see SED 2021 related detailed table 6-3.

16National Science for Science and Engineering Statistics, special tabulations (2022) of the 2021 Survey of Earned Doctorates.

17Doctorate recipients were allowed to provide multiple responses as to how their research was disrupted.

18Doctorate recipients were allowed to provide multiple responses as to how their postgraduation employment or education plans changed.

19Doctorate recipients were allowed to provide multiple responses as to how their long-term career plans or goals changed.

20The proportion of doctorate recipients who mentioned their funding was reduced or suspended did not vary by the primary source of funding reported by the doctorate recipient (special tabulation).

21NCSES, special tabulations (2022) of the 2021 SED.

22For detailed data on underrepresented minorities, see National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics. 2021. Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering: 2021. NSF 21-321. Alexandria, VA: National Science Foundation. Available at https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf21321/.

23For more details on the declines in education between 2009 and 2011, see SED 2021 related detailed table 1-3 and SED 2018 table 13.