1Census Bureau. 2017 National Population Projections Tables: Main Series. Available at https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2017/demo/popproj/2017-summary-tables.html.Vespa J, Armstrong DM, and Medina L. 2020. Demographic Turning Points for the United States: Population Projections for 2020 to 2060. Report P25-1144. Washington, DC: Census Bureau. Available at https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2020/demo/p25-1144.html.

2In this theme, race or ethnicity breakouts are for U.S. citizens and permanent residents only, but totals include students with a temporary visa.

3In this theme, totals include students with a temporary visa.

4Data in the employment theme are sample data, and the statistics presented are estimates of the population. Differences described are significant at the 90% confidence level; a characterization of “similar” or “similar to” indicates that the estimates are not statistically different.

5 Data in the occupation theme are sample data, and the statistics presented are estimates of the population. Differences described are significant at the 90% confidence level; a characterization of “similar” or “similar to” indicates that the estimates are not statistically different.

6For more information on the skilled technical workforce, see https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/stw/skilled-technical-workforce.cfm.

7See American Association of University Professors. 2017. Campus Equity Week Highlights Contingent Faculty Working Conditions. AAUP News Update. Available at https://www.aaup.org/news/campus-equity-week-highlights-contingent-faculty-working-conditions#.

8 Data in the academic careers theme are sample data, and the statistics presented are estimates of the population. Differences described are significant at the 90% confidence level; a characterization of “similar” or “similar to” indicates that the estimates are not statistically different.

9Data on people with disabilities have limitations. Most data on disability are self-reported. Surveys from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics include a series of questions where the respondent is asked, “What is the USUAL degree of difficulty you have with” seeing; hearing; walking; lifting 10 pounds; and concentrating, remembering, or making decisions. The response choices are none, slight, moderate, severe, and unable to do. Respondents who report “moderate,” “severe,” or “unable to do” for any activity were classified as having a disability. See the online technical notes for a full discussion of the data limitations.

10See Mann DR, Wittenburg DC. 2015. Starting Behind. Journal of Disability Policy Studies 26(2)89–99. doi:10.1177/1044207315583898.