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Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

Business R&D Performance in the United States Increases to $722 Billion in 2023

Sales, R&D, R&D intensity, and employment for companies that performed or funded business R&D in the United States, by selected industry and company size: 2023

Dollar values are for goods sold or services rendered by R&D-performing or R&D-funding companies … All R&D is the cost of R&D paid … R&D intensity is the cost of domestic R&D paid for by the respondent company
- September 29, 2025
- ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf25353
Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

Business R&D Performance in the United States Increases to $722 Billion in 2023

Domestic employment, R&D employment by sex and work activity, R&D researchers by level of education, and full-time equivalent researcher employment for companies that performed or funded business R&D in the United States, by industrial sector: 2023

Researchers includes R&D scientists and engineers and their managers. c Other supporting staff includes clerical staff and others assigned to R&D groups. d The number of persons employed who were assigned full time to R&D, plus a prorated number of employees who … R&D performance, where available. For companies that did not report business codes, the classification used for sampling was assigned. Excludes data for federally funded research and development centers. Also available in the full set of data tables are statistics on … National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics and Census Bureau, Business Enterprise Research and Development Survey, 2023.
- September 29, 2025
- ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf25353
Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

U.S. Business R&D in Semiconductor-Related Industries

Sales, R&D, R&D-to-sales ratio, employment, and R&D-to-employment ratio for companies that performed or funded business R&D in the United States, by selected industry: 2021

All R&D is the cost of R&D paid for and performed by the respondent company and paid for by others outside of the company and performed by the respondent company. c R&D-to-sales ratio … R&D-performing or R&D-funding companies located in the United States to customers outside … Data are for companies with 10 or more domestic employees. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Industry classification was based on the dominant business code for domestic R&D performance, where available. For companies that did not report business codes, the classification used
- November 20, 2024
- ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf25304
Figure

Federal Funding for Research Increased from 2010 to 2022, yet the Federal Government’s Share of Total Research Funding Declined

Federally funded R&D, by type of R&D: 1953–2023

Some data for 2022 are preliminary and may be revised later. The data for 2023 include estimates and are likely to later be revised. The federally funded data represent the federal government as a funder of R&D by all performers. … National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, National Patterns of R&D Resources (annual series).
- September 16, 2025
- ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf25337
Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

Higher Education Research and Development (HERD) Survey 2024 | Technical Tables

Higher Education Research and Development Survey data table crosswalk: FY 2023 vs. FY 2024

The data tables and technical tables provided as part of the Higher Education Research and Development Survey 2024 data release were revised. These changes do not reflect a change in the survey or the availability of the underlying data; this new configuration presents a streamlined approach … NA = not available in pre-produced table; data still available via custom selections in the Table Builder data tool ( https://ncsesdata.nsf.gov/builder/herd ). … National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education Research and Development Survey.
- December 23, 2025
- surveys/higher-education-research-development/2024
Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

Discovery: R&D Activity and Research Publications | U.S. Business R&D

Domestic net sales, R&D, and R&D-to-sales ratio for companies that performed or funded U.S. business R&D, by selected industry: 2022

R&D-performing or R&D-funding companies located in the United States … Domestic R&D is the cost of R&D paid for and performed by the respondent … National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics and Census Bureau, Business Enterprise Research and Development (BERD) Survey, 2022. Science and Engineering Indicators
- July 23, 2025
- ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20257
Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

R&D Spending at Federally Funded R&D Centers Surpassed $31 Billion in FY 2024

R&D expenditures at federally funded research and development centers, by FFRDC: FYs 2020–24

FFRDC = federally funded research and development center; NSF … Observatory on 1 October 2016; both retained FFRDC status. For FY 2020, R&D expenditures reported … Department of Energy laboratories. INL now categorizes all work as research and development, except
- August 26, 2025
- ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf25351
Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

R&D Spending at Federally Funded R&D Centers Surpassed $31 Billion in FY 2024

Federally financed R&D expenditures at federally funded research and development centers, by federal agency and FFRDC: FY 2024

DOD = Department of Defense; DOE = Department of Energy; DHS = Department of Homeland Security; DOT = Department of Transportation; FFRDC = federally funded research and development center; HHS = Department of Health and Human Services; NASA = National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NSF … National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, FFRDC Research and Development Survey, FY 2024.
- August 26, 2025
- ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf25351
Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

Higher Education Research and Development (HERD) Survey 2024 | Data Tables

Total and federally financed higher education R&D expenditures at institutions in the standard form survey population, by type of R&D: FYs 1953–2024

Type of R&D estimation procedure was revised for FY 1998 and later years; hence, these data are not directly comparable to data for FY 1997 and earlier years. Prior to FY 2010, R&D expenditures by type of R&D were based on percentage estimates of basic research provided by universities and colleges … FYs 1953–2009 represent R&D expenditures in S&E fields only. Beginning in FY 2010, totals and type of R&D data include R&D expenditures in S&E fields and non-S&E fields. b FY 1978 data are estimated … research, applied research
- December 23, 2025
- surveys/higher-education-research-development/2024
Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

Business R&D Performance in the United States Nears $700 Billion in 2022

Sales, R&D, R&D intensity, and employment for companies that performed or funded business R&D in the United States, by selected industry and company size: 2022

Dollar values are for goods sold or services rendered by R&D-performing or R&D-funding companies … All R&D is the cost of R&D paid … R&D intensity is the cost of domestic R&D paid for by the respondent company
- September 30, 2024
- ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf24334

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