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Research & Development (R&D) Activity
Showing out of 18 results found
  • Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

    Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation | Knowledge Transfer Indicators: Making Information Available

    Federal laboratory technology transfer activity indicators, by selected departments and agencies: FY 2016

    Governments, academia, and business all contribute to the interrelated system of invention, knowledge transfer, and innovation. Patenting activities—an indicator of invention—are increasingly international, with middle-income countries increasing their share of patents granted worldwide. Trademar...

  • Analysis | Reports

    Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation

    Innovation Indicators: Introducing New Products and Processes

    The previous sections of this report examined indicators of invention output and knowledge transfer activities. As described earlier, invention represents a subset of R&D output that includes new and useful processes, machines, manufactures, or compositions of matter, or any new and useful improv...

  • Analysis | Reports

    Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation

    Invention Indicators: Protecting Useful Ideas

    As described in the introduction, R&D activities from all parts of society create new knowledge (Image INV-1, see Introduction). A large share of this new knowledge is intended as a public good and disclosed to the scientific community and to the public via scientific literature. This activity is...

  • Analysis | Reports

    Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation

    Knowledge Transfer Indicators: Making Information Available

    As described in the previous Invention Indicators: Protecting Useful Ideas section, the output of R&D, both formal and informal, includes scientific knowledge, inventions (i.e., new and useful processes, machines, manufactures, or compositions of matter, or any new and useful improvements thereof...

  • Figure

    Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation | Knowledge Transfer Indicators: Making Information Available

    Startup companies based on licensed university technology: 1999–2019

    Governments, academia, and business all contribute to the interrelated system of invention, knowledge transfer, and innovation. Patenting activities—an indicator of invention—are increasingly international, with middle-income countries increasing their share of patents granted worldwide. Trademar...

  • Analysis | Reports

    Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation | Knowledge Transfer Indicators: Making Information Available

    U.S. Startup Trends

    A significant amount of knowledge transfer to startup companies takes place via startup licensing of university and government technology and from startup participation in government programs like STTR. However, many startups that rely on outside knowledge as the basis for their new products and ...

  • Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

    Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation | Supplemental Tables

    USPTO utility patents granted in textile and paper machines, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2020

    Governments, academia, and business all contribute to the interrelated system of invention, knowledge transfer, and innovation. Patenting activities—an indicator of invention—are increasingly international, with middle-income countries increasing their share of patents granted worldwide. Trademar...

  • Analysis | Reports

    Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation | Knowledge Transfer Indicators: Making Information Available

    University Knowledge Transfer Activities

    Licensing and university-based startup activity are two frequently tracked indicators of the technology commercialization component of knowledge transfer by university faculty, staff, and students. The analysis of these activities is based on data from AUTM, a membership organization that support...

  • Data Tables | Data Tables (Individual)

    First Comprehensive Innovation Survey for the United States: Data from the 2017 Annual Business Survey

    Innovating companies, by type and location of cooperation partner and size of company: 2015–17

    More than two-fifths (43%) of the estimated 4.6 million for-profit companies with at least one employee introduced an innovation during 2015–17. Innovation is defined as the implementation of one or more new or significantly improved products or processes, a new marketing method, or a new organiz...

  • Analysis | Reports

    Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation | Knowledge Transfer

    Citations of Peer-Reviewed Research in Patents

    Patent documents filed with the USPTO include citations to prior art, which refers to published patents and patent applications as well as to peer-reviewed research and other published documents (nonpatent literature). Citations of S&E articles in patent documents provide another indicator of kno...