State government agencies’ expenditures for research and development (R&D) rose nearly 11% in FY 2024 from the prior year to $3.3 billion. Although state government expenditures for R&D are relatively small within the national portfolio of R&D performance, state agencies in FY 2024 performed $812 million in R&D while also financing $2.5 billion in extramural R&D to businesses, higher education institutions, nonprofit organizations, and others. Data are from the Survey of State Government Research and Development, sponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the U.S. National Science Foundation.

The tables in this report present FY 2024 and time series data for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Data are available on total R&D expenditures; intramural and extramural performers; source of funds; and R&D by governmental function by state and department or agency, employee count, and full-time equivalent counts. These data were collected by the Survey of State Government Research and Development, conducted by the Census Bureau for the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the U.S. National Science Foundation.

These data tables are from the FY 2024 Federal Facilities Research and Development (FFRD) Survey. These tables present data on research and experimental development (R&D) expenditures for all federally owned and operated facilities in the United States. This new survey is the unique source of federal performer-reported data on R&D expenditures and is conducted by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the U.S. National Science Foundation.

In FY 2024, $49.1 billion of research and experimental development (R&D) was performed within federally owned and operated facilities. Data presented in this InfoBrief are from the Federal Facilities Research and Development Survey sponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the U.S. National Science Foundation. These data include annual expenditures for R&D performed within federal facilities, which includes work performed by federal employees, military personnel, and onsite contractors. This data collection represents the second cycle of this new survey designed to collect R&D expenditure and personnel data at the federal facility level.

The tables in this report present data from the Business Enterprise Research and Development (BERD) Survey. The BERD Survey is the primary source of information on domestic and global research and development (R&D) expenditures and the R&D workforce for companies with 10 or more employees operating in the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. The BERD Survey is cosponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics and the Census Bureau. These data are used by government agencies, corporations, research organizations, and academics to assess trends in the performance and funding of R&D.

Businesses continued to increase their research and development (R&D) performance in 2023, spending $722 billion on R&D in the United States, a 4.4% increase from 2022. Funding from the companies’ own sources accounted for $635 billion of this spending in 2023, a 4.5% increase from 2022. Funding from other sources accounted for $86 billion, a 3.4% increase from 2022. Data for this InfoBrief are from the 2023 Business Enterprise Research and Development Survey, developed and cosponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the U.S. National Science Foundation and by the Census Bureau, which collected and tabulated data for the survey.

These tables present the results of the Nonprofit Research Activities FY 2023 module of the 2024 Annual Business Survey, funded by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the U.S. National Science Foundation. It is the fourth collection of nonprofit R&D data by the Annual Business Survey and the continuation of an annual data series for this population. These data are the primary source of information about tax-exempt nonprofit organizations’ R&D performance and funding in the United States.

U.S. nonprofit organizations spent an estimated $30.8 billion on research and experimental development (R&D) performed within their organizations in FY 2023, an increase of 10% in current dollars from FY 2022. The largest funding source for nonprofit R&D in FY 2023 was the federal government, contributing $12.4 billion, or 40%, of the total. Data are from the Nonprofit Research Activities (NPRA) FY 2023 module of the 2024 Annual Business Survey. The NPRA Survey was funded by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) within the U.S. National Science Foundation, and data collection was conducted by the Census Bureau.

The number of college graduates living in the United States reached 71.7 million in 2023, of which approximately 70.9 million had ever held a job. The number of employed college graduates increased by 4.3 million (8.3%) between 2021 and 2023, and the number of college graduates not working decreased by 1.3 million (7.9%). This growth in employment and decline in nonemployment coincided with the end of the COVID-19 pandemic and underlies a series of developments in the college-graduate labor market. This InfoBrief presents a comparison of selected labor market outcomes between the 2021 and 2023 cycles of the National Survey of College Graduates, sponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics within the U.S. National Science Foundation.

Latest visualizations from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics using data from the National Patterns of R&D Resources (annual series) on federally funded research and development.